SVG optimization involves several steps. First, remove unnecessary metadata and comments from the SVG file using tools like SVGO or SVGOMG. These tools also help in minifying the SVG by removing whitespace and shortening color codes. Second, simplify complex paths with fewer points and straight lines to reduce file size without compromising visual quality. Third, use CSS for styling instead of inline styles within the SVG file. This allows for better reusability and caching. Fourth, consider using GZIP compression on your server which can significantly reduce SVG file sizes. Lastly, avoid embedding raster images within SVGs as it increases file size. Instead, use vector shapes whenever possible.
